Ted Sorensen on the Kennedy Style of Speech-Writing

Ted Sorensen on the Kennedy Style of Speech-Writing In his last book, Counselor: A Life at the Edge of History (2008), Ted Sorensen offered an expectation: I have little uncertainty that, when my opportunity arrives, my eulogy in the New York Times (incorrect spelling my last name indeed) will be inscribed: Theodore Sorenson, Kennedy Speechwriter. On November 1, 2010, the Times got the spelling right: Theodore C. Sorensen, 82, Kennedy Counselor, Dies. Also, however Sorensen served as ​a guide and change self image to John F. Kennedy from January 1953 to November 22, 1963, Kennedy Speechwriter was without a doubt his characterizing job. An alum of the University of Nebraskas graduate school, Sorensen showed up in Washington, D.C. unfathomably green, as he later conceded. I had no administrative experience, no political experience. Id never composed a discourse. Id barely been out of Nebraska. By the by, Sorensen was before long approached to help compose Senator Kennedys Pulitzer Prize-winning book Profiles in Courage (1955). He went on to co-creator the absolute most important presidential talks of the only remaining century, including Kennedys debut address, the Ich canister ein Berliner discourse, and the American University beginning location on harmony. In spite of the fact that most students of history concur that Sorensen was the essential creator of these persuasive and powerful talks, Sorensen himself kept up that Kennedy was the genuine creator. As he said to Robert Schlesinger, If a man in a high office expresses words which pass on his standards and arrangements and thoughts and hes ready to remain behind them and assume whatever fault or hence acknowledge go for them, [the discourse is] his (White House Ghosts: Presidents and Their Speechwriters, 2008). In Kennedy, a book distributed two years after the presidents death, Sorensen explained a portion of the particular characteristics of the Kennedy style of discourse composing. Youd be unable to locate a progressively reasonable rundown of tips for speakers. While our own addresses may not be very as pivotal as a presidents, a considerable lot of Kennedys explanatory techniques merit imitating, paying little mind to the event or the size of the crowd. So whenever you address your partners or cohorts from the front of the room, remember these standards. The Kennedy Style of Speech-Writing The Kennedy style of discourse writingour style, I am not hesitant to state, for he never imagined that he had the opportunity to plan first drafts for all his speechesevolved bit by bit throughout the years. . . .We were not aware of following the intricate procedures later credited to these discourses by abstract experts. Neither of us had any uncommon preparing in structure, phonetics or semantics. Our central standard was consistently crowd understanding and solace, and this implied: (1) short discourses, short provisions and short words, at every possible opportunity; (2) a progression of focuses or recommendations in numbered or intelligent arrangement any place suitable; and (3) the development of sentences, expressions and sections in such a way as to improve, explain and emphasize.The trial of a book was not how it appeared to the eye, yet how it sounded to the ear. His best sections, when perused so anyone might hear, regularly had a rhythm much the same as clear verseindee d now and again catchphrases would rhyme. He was enamored with alliterative sentences, not exclusively for reasons of talk yet to fortify the crowds memory of his thinking. Sentences started, anyway mistaken some may have respected it, with And or But at whatever point that rearranged and abbreviated the content. His continuous utilization of runs was of dicey syntactic standingbut it rearranged the conveyance and even the distribution of a discourse in a way no comma, bracket or semicolon could match.Words were viewed as instruments of exactness, to be picked and applied with a craftsmans care to whatever the circumstance required. He got a kick out of the chance to be precise. Yet, on the off chance that the circumstance required a specific unclearness, he would purposely pick an expression of differing understandings as opposed to cover his imprecision in massive prose.For he disdained verbosity and vainglory in his own comments as much as he detested them in others. He needed th e two his message and his language to be plain and honest, however never belittling. He needed his significant strategy explanations to be certain, particular and unmistakable, evading the utilization of propose, maybe and potential options for thought. Simultaneously, his accentuation on a course of reasonrejecting the limits of either sidehelped produce the equal development and utilization of stands out from which he later got recognized. He had a soft spot for one pointless expression: The cruel realities of the issue are . . .however, with hardly any different special cases his sentences were lean and fresh. . . .He utilized almost no slang, tongue, legalistic terms, withdrawals, clichã ©s, expand similitudes or resplendent interesting expressions. He would not be folksy or to incorporate any expression or picture he thought about cheesy, boring or trite. He once in a while utilized words he thought about worn out: unassuming, dynamic, brilliant. He utilized none of the standa rd word fillers (e.g., And I state to you that is an authentic inquiry and here is my answer). Also, he didn't stop for a second to withdraw from severe principles of English utilization when he thought adherence to them (e.g., Our plan are long) would grind on the audience members ear.No discourse was more than 20 to 30 minutes in term. They were very short and excessively swarmed with realities to allow any abundance of consensuses and nostalgias. His writings squandered no words and his conveyance squandered no time.(Theodore C. Sorensen, Kennedy. Harper Row, 1965. Republished in 2009 as Kennedy: The Classic Biography) To the individuals who question the estimation of talk, excusing every single political discourses as insignificant words or style over substance, Sorensen had an answer. Kennedys talk when he was president ended up being a key to his prosperity, he told a questioner in 2008. His minor words about Soviet atomic rockets in Cuba helped resolve the most exceedingly awful emergency the world has ever known without the U.S. shooting a shot. Essentially, in a New York Times opinion piece distributed two months before his passing, Sorensen countered a few fantasies about the Kennedy-Nixon discusses, including the view that it was style over substance, with Kennedy winning on conveyance and looks. In the principal banter, Sorensen contended, there was unmistakably more substance and subtlety than in what currently goes for political discussion in our undeniably marketed, sound-nibble Twitter-fied culture, in which radical talk expects presidents to react to over the top cases. To get familiar with the talk and rhetoric of John Kennedy and Ted Sorensen, examine Thurston Clarkes Ask Not: The Inauguration of John F. Kennedy and the Speech That Changed America, distributed by Henry Holt in 2004 and now accessible in a Penguin soft cover.

Contextual Knowledge in Program Planning A Personal Reflection Free Essays

Program arranging is a difficult and complex undertaking. Its multifaceted nature lies not just in the program subtleties or the crowd to which the program is focused to, however in the various characters or encounters of the organizers. Commonly as organizers, we convey what we are. We will compose a custom paper test on Logical Knowledge in Program Planning: A Personal Reflection or on the other hand any comparable subject just for you Request Now We need to teach our conviction and individual observation to crowd including our inclinations. Arranging itself requires a lot of exertion. With relational issues among organizers, the issue turns out to be increasingly hard to manage as specialists rub against one another. Answer to Question 1 Arranging includes the support of various partners or colleagues. Various thoughts stream and conflict against one another. Force issues surface and the fight over whose thought or whose proposition is better furies. At the point when confronted with this condition, I will in general stand up my brain. I tune in to others’ thought also. I go over the positive and negative parts of every thought. I gauge the alternatives and decision in favor of the best one. I regard every individual or colleague. I understood that with regards to control relations, there are various inspirations lying underneath. From the start, I accepted organizers are true and centered in doing support. However, when I had my first brush with power battles inside my circle, it occurred to me that a few organizers have their own motivation. It could be something valuable to them. Up until now, there is nothing I might want to change about my present convictions. In any case, I need to strengthen the idea that organizers must be objective and must be wiling to relinquish individual inclinations or inspiration to benefit many. Answer to Question 2 Tuning in and open correspondence are the abilities that I use in each arranging meeting. Listening requires a lot of exertion as it includes more than hearing various thoughts. Listening is processing every thought and regarding it. Listening is recognizing one planner’s considerations and information. Correspondence, then again, is opening up to the conceivable outcomes of tolerating and evaluating the thoughts. It might likewise mean acknowledgment for each proposal turned down. Open correspondence is sound and goes about as an extension. On the off chance that there is something that I would truly need to rehearse in my conviction framework is the success win arrangement. Exchange is thinking of the best arrangement with minor trade offs that serve both revitalizing gatherings. Answer to Question 3 Planning a program for grown-ups is a pleasant undertaking. Morally, grown-ups are willing students who are specialists in their own right. They can settle on choices with or without outside mediation. Every grown-up is a well of information; having experienced diverse educational encounters. These learning are brought out through a participatory learning process. As a rule, my convictions are tested when a co-organizer turns out to be so extremely savvy in approach and excuses my recommendation that grown-up students are found out, by ideals of experience. I for the most part react by thinking that through the grown-up learner’s support, the program can be substantially more captivating with the student themselves standing up and adding to the conversation. The customary channel strategy or top-down methodology in instructing isn't the most ideal way. I get disappointed when participatory learning is skirted. I feel like the students have such a great amount to offer. As a program organizer, I might want to weight on the estimation of an individual or a student in the learning procedure as exceptionally moral and basic. This is one reality that I might want to accentuate in my training. A student focused program is expected to impact change in a preparation program. There are messages than can be all the more viably passed on to the students or crowd through participatory technique. Individuals learn without anyone else. Learning isn't forced or upheld. In his 1982 book, Living, Loving and Learning, Buscaglia refered to Carl Rogers who composed: You realize that I don’t accept that anybody has ever thought anything to anybody. I question the viability of educating. The main thing that I know is that any individual who needs to learn will learn. Furthermore, perhaps an educator is a facilitator, an individual who puts things down and shows individuals how energizing and awesome it is and requests that they eat. (p. 7) We are for the most part students. We gain from one another. Indeed, even specialists take in numerous things from their members. No man has the restraining infrastructure of information and encounters. One man’s taking in contrasts from others. We as a whole have our own specific manner of learning. Answer to Question 4b I have not left an arranging circumstance regardless of whether I am not completely offered to the concurred thoughts or strategies; regardless of whether my own proposals are minimized. I remained to gain from them. I despite everything joined to check whether their strategies dependent on their conviction framework will work. It is about regard and offering chances to different gatherings to have their own specific manner. I held tight to see the aftereffects of the assessment. Most likely, what might make me leave is the fair and up close and personal dismissal of my thoughts after a poor preparing program. I would leave in the event that they lost trust and direct all the fault to me. I would modestly leave. I won't cut off the tie between us however want to re-interface with them again later on, should they need my administrations once more. All things considered, the world is little and who knows, we may wind up requiring each other toward the stopping point sometime in the not so distant future. References Buscaglia, L. (1982). Living, adoring and learning. New York: Random House. Step by step instructions to refer to Contextual Knowledge in Program Planning: A Personal Reflection, Papers

Meow

Meow I was reading one of Lauras recent entries with a response to a commenter asking about cats. East Campus is one of the dorms with cat floors floors which allow residents to have a cat and Third East is one of them. Before I go on, hall means floor if I ever use one or the other, now you know. :) Weve got five cats at present Dr. Popular, Harley, Nixon, Voight and Saber. We had one last year named Lucca who moved out with her graduating owner, and another named Ferris who had to be put to sleep for a variety of reasons. Dr. Popular is the most skittish, pathologically afraid cat Ive ever seen. Harley never comes out from under Hannahs bed, Nixon sheds a lot of goldish-orange fur, Voight meows to himself in this gravelly, rolling manner as he wanders the hall, and Saber is brand new to hall, having arrived in a kennel on Delta Airlines from a place called TerrificPets.Com (Im not joking). At East Campus, only about half of the floors are designated cat floors this allows folks with allergies to make necessary arrangements. Since we have five now, the hall chairs (a couple of hall residents who are the liaisons to house management and the administration) have asked for people to tell them before getting any more cats. I think other halls have had more at one time didnt 5E have seven not that long ago? but its probably a good idea to have some sort of internal control. People have just been getting new cats as they feel like it. Theyre a lot of fun to have around, and when they do something you dont like, its hard to get angry at them because theyre just cats. Id never had a pet before, so I was completely clueless about what they were like on a daily basis before I moved in. Individual residents keep their own cats fed and watered and groomed, but they usually let them roam the halls all day, with their doors ajar to allow for ingress and egress at will. Here are some anecdotes from the past year. * Lucca had this creepy habit of surprising you on the throne by walking under the bathroom stall when youre inside. Not that I really care about a cat watching me attend to my business, but theres this eerie feeling when shes just sitting there and perhaps jumping onto the windowsill to get a better view. * Dr. Popular can make every noise possible *except* what youd expect from a cat. Dolphin is his favorite, with this pathetic, oscillating cry several octaves beyond what Mother Nature intended. He can turn the dolphin into a growling bear, a ghost, or a woodpecker, or all four for the haunted house effect. Whats best is you can stand there across from him and make the same noises back (Im good at this), engaging him in a dolphin-meowing match for half an hour. He thinks he can outdolphin me, but to date he hasnt. Usually he just runs halfway down the hall at 45MPH, stopping to look back at me to make sure I havent caught up to him yet. * Dr. Popular is the cutest cat youve ever seen. Black with white paws. Problem is, when you pick him up, your shirt turns black also. Cat hair is impossible to quickly pick off of clothing. * All cats love strings, ropes, cords, twine, keys, and oh yes catnip. Especially catnip ordered fresh from the Garden of Ebay. Note to all who may follow: cats know no discretion when it comes to catnip. A large pile found its way into a corner of the hall, was swiftly consumed in full by an indulgent cat, and was equally swiftly turned into vomit in a residents closet. (The cat was fine.) * Luccas litterbox, which sits in the closet right next to the door, never got emptied. Walking to your room shouldnt involve suffocation from the worst smell known to man. It got really bad in the summer with no air conditioning and record temperatures, with the humidity turning said waste into something especially foul. No wonder the cat was always hanging out elsewhere on hall * Always look under your bed and around your room before closing your door and retiring for the night. Otherwise, it might be a Saturday morning at 8:00 when a cat starts walking over your face because he/she needs to get out. * Besides having no clean place to poop, Lucca also had some digestive health problems. Guys, its important to take care of your pets if youre going to have one. This poor kitty was leaving grey trails of Meow Mix all over the Walcott carpet, and the (yes, grey) stains continue to beckon today. I dont want you to get the wrong impression from Lucca. All of the other cats have been kept well, and their owners have been pretty responsible. * Either dont leave your door open all day, or get used to finding your socks strewn about the hallway. :P * Voight is a short-haired cat, making him a great candidate for picking up. He wont shed anything on you! Its immensely amusing to watch him walk up and down the hall, chattermeowing under his breath about all sorts of things (fish? catnip? bunnies?). We all thought he just had a very quiet voice, because even if hes displeased, hell just softly grumble * When youre really hosed, the cats will release some endearing kind of pheromone that instantly destresses you and turns you into a little kid playing with them, running after them, and basically finding every excuse to ignore your work until its way too late to get a reasonable amount of sleep. The cats then taunt you, bragging that they get to sleep all day and stare out the window. * Ferris had a behavior problem in his old age. When Hannah was out of town for IAP, this ferocious feline would go into Marks room (home to Dr. Popular, the other male cat at that time) and pee all over. This happened about six or seven times, soaking Marks jeans, floor, mattress, sheets and bed yes, once when he was in it. It was funny to everyone but Mark, who sounded like a broken record emailing the hall with all kinds of displeasure and directives to keep Ferris locked up and away from his linens. I put a few condolence cards on Ferris door expressing my wishes that he recover successfully. I think the cards said Sorry About Your Accident (yeah they were actually commercially produced), and each time he soaked something, Id tape up another one. * Dont go into a bathroom late at night with the lights off. A cat could be sleeping in one of the stalls, and you just might accidentally step on him, creating the loudest, most shrill YEOWWWWWWW! ever. I speak from experience it scared me just as much as I must have scared him. * That said, some of the cats do the funniest things when startled. One suddenly jumps about a foot in the air, and another runs down the hall as if summoned by a wailing air raid siren. Its funny when someone is standing halfway down the hall, sees this cat darting past, and wonders what the heck is going on. * When you see a cat heading for the stairwell door or fire escape, grab it. It probably doesnt know any better. Any special questions about having cats in the dorm? EC is pretty informal in that you can keep other pets too if they stay in your room and dont cause any problems. One girl has a bunny rabbit (the cutest thing ever with big floppy ears and a generous pounce), and I think a couple others have fish. Post Tagged #East Campus

Meow

Meow I was reading one of Lauras recent entries with a response to a commenter asking about cats. East Campus is one of the dorms with cat floors floors which allow residents to have a cat and Third East is one of them. Before I go on, hall means floor if I ever use one or the other, now you know. :) Weve got five cats at present Dr. Popular, Harley, Nixon, Voight and Saber. We had one last year named Lucca who moved out with her graduating owner, and another named Ferris who had to be put to sleep for a variety of reasons. Dr. Popular is the most skittish, pathologically afraid cat Ive ever seen. Harley never comes out from under Hannahs bed, Nixon sheds a lot of goldish-orange fur, Voight meows to himself in this gravelly, rolling manner as he wanders the hall, and Saber is brand new to hall, having arrived in a kennel on Delta Airlines from a place called TerrificPets.Com (Im not joking). At East Campus, only about half of the floors are designated cat floors this allows folks with allergies to make necessary arrangements. Since we have five now, the hall chairs (a couple of hall residents who are the liaisons to house management and the administration) have asked for people to tell them before getting any more cats. I think other halls have had more at one time didnt 5E have seven not that long ago? but its probably a good idea to have some sort of internal control. People have just been getting new cats as they feel like it. Theyre a lot of fun to have around, and when they do something you dont like, its hard to get angry at them because theyre just cats. Id never had a pet before, so I was completely clueless about what they were like on a daily basis before I moved in. Individual residents keep their own cats fed and watered and groomed, but they usually let them roam the halls all day, with their doors ajar to allow for ingress and egress at will. Here are some anecdotes from the past year. * Lucca had this creepy habit of surprising you on the throne by walking under the bathroom stall when youre inside. Not that I really care about a cat watching me attend to my business, but theres this eerie feeling when shes just sitting there and perhaps jumping onto the windowsill to get a better view. * Dr. Popular can make every noise possible *except* what youd expect from a cat. Dolphin is his favorite, with this pathetic, oscillating cry several octaves beyond what Mother Nature intended. He can turn the dolphin into a growling bear, a ghost, or a woodpecker, or all four for the haunted house effect. Whats best is you can stand there across from him and make the same noises back (Im good at this), engaging him in a dolphin-meowing match for half an hour. He thinks he can outdolphin me, but to date he hasnt. Usually he just runs halfway down the hall at 45MPH, stopping to look back at me to make sure I havent caught up to him yet. * Dr. Popular is the cutest cat youve ever seen. Black with white paws. Problem is, when you pick him up, your shirt turns black also. Cat hair is impossible to quickly pick off of clothing. * All cats love strings, ropes, cords, twine, keys, and oh yes catnip. Especially catnip ordered fresh from the Garden of Ebay. Note to all who may follow: cats know no discretion when it comes to catnip. A large pile found its way into a corner of the hall, was swiftly consumed in full by an indulgent cat, and was equally swiftly turned into vomit in a residents closet. (The cat was fine.) * Luccas litterbox, which sits in the closet right next to the door, never got emptied. Walking to your room shouldnt involve suffocation from the worst smell known to man. It got really bad in the summer with no air conditioning and record temperatures, with the humidity turning said waste into something especially foul. No wonder the cat was always hanging out elsewhere on hall * Always look under your bed and around your room before closing your door and retiring for the night. Otherwise, it might be a Saturday morning at 8:00 when a cat starts walking over your face because he/she needs to get out. * Besides having no clean place to poop, Lucca also had some digestive health problems. Guys, its important to take care of your pets if youre going to have one. This poor kitty was leaving grey trails of Meow Mix all over the Walcott carpet, and the (yes, grey) stains continue to beckon today. I dont want you to get the wrong impression from Lucca. All of the other cats have been kept well, and their owners have been pretty responsible. * Either dont leave your door open all day, or get used to finding your socks strewn about the hallway. :P * Voight is a short-haired cat, making him a great candidate for picking up. He wont shed anything on you! Its immensely amusing to watch him walk up and down the hall, chattermeowing under his breath about all sorts of things (fish? catnip? bunnies?). We all thought he just had a very quiet voice, because even if hes displeased, hell just softly grumble * When youre really hosed, the cats will release some endearing kind of pheromone that instantly destresses you and turns you into a little kid playing with them, running after them, and basically finding every excuse to ignore your work until its way too late to get a reasonable amount of sleep. The cats then taunt you, bragging that they get to sleep all day and stare out the window. * Ferris had a behavior problem in his old age. When Hannah was out of town for IAP, this ferocious feline would go into Marks room (home to Dr. Popular, the other male cat at that time) and pee all over. This happened about six or seven times, soaking Marks jeans, floor, mattress, sheets and bed yes, once when he was in it. It was funny to everyone but Mark, who sounded like a broken record emailing the hall with all kinds of displeasure and directives to keep Ferris locked up and away from his linens. I put a few condolence cards on Ferris door expressing my wishes that he recover successfully. I think the cards said Sorry About Your Accident (yeah they were actually commercially produced), and each time he soaked something, Id tape up another one. * Dont go into a bathroom late at night with the lights off. A cat could be sleeping in one of the stalls, and you just might accidentally step on him, creating the loudest, most shrill YEOWWWWWWW! ever. I speak from experience it scared me just as much as I must have scared him. * That said, some of the cats do the funniest things when startled. One suddenly jumps about a foot in the air, and another runs down the hall as if summoned by a wailing air raid siren. Its funny when someone is standing halfway down the hall, sees this cat darting past, and wonders what the heck is going on. * When you see a cat heading for the stairwell door or fire escape, grab it. It probably doesnt know any better. Any special questions about having cats in the dorm? EC is pretty informal in that you can keep other pets too if they stay in your room and dont cause any problems. One girl has a bunny rabbit (the cutest thing ever with big floppy ears and a generous pounce), and I think a couple others have fish. Post Tagged #East Campus